在Magento 1 新增Eav模組的資料欄位

平常在使用資料欄位時，如果有多商店(multi-stores)的架構會變得非常複雜，也不易維護，但在Magento的產品管理是可以使用Eav模組可以完美解決這個問題。請參考以下範例：

先新增 etc module
app/etc/modules/Astralweb_Test.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config>
    <modules>
        <Astralweb_Test>
            <active>true</active>
            <codePool>local</codePool>
        </Astralweb_Test>
    </modules>
</config>

新增 config.xml
app/code/local/Astralweb/Test/etc/config.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config>
  <modules>
    <Astralweb_Test>
      <version>0.0.1</version>
    </Astralweb_Test>
  </modules>
  <global>
    <models>
      <astralweb_test>
        <class>Astralweb_Test_Model</class>
        <resourceModel>astralweb_test_resource</resourceModel>
      </astralweb_test>
      <astralweb_test_resource>
        <class>Astralweb_Test_Model_Resource</class>
        <entities>
          <page>
            <table>astralweb_test_page_entity</table>
          </page>
        </entities>
      </astralweb_test_resource>
    </models>
    <resources>
      <astralweb_test_setup>
        <setup>
          <module>Astralweb_Test</module>
          <class>Astralweb_Test_Model_Resource_Setup</class>
        </setup>
        <connection>
          <use>core_setup</use>
        </connection>
      </astralweb_test_setup>
      <page_write>
        <connection>
          <use>core_write</use>
        </connection>
      </page_write>
      <page_read>
        <connection>
          <use>core_read</use>
        </connection>
      </page_read>
    </resources>
  </global>
</config>

新增setup
app/code/local/Astralweb/Test/sql/astralweb_test_setup/install-0.0.1.php

<?php

$installer = $this;
$installer->startSetup();

/*
 * Create all entity tables
 */
$installer->createEntityTables(
    $this->getTable('astralweb_test/page')
);
/*
 * Add Entity type
 */
$installer->addEntityType(Astralweb_Test_Model_Resource_Page::ENTITY,Array(
    'entity_model'          =>'astralweb_test/page',
    'attribute_model'       =>'',
    'table'                 =>'astralweb_test/page',
    'increment_model'       =>'',
    'increment_per_store'   =>'0'
));

$installer->installEntities();

$installer->endSetup();

新增Model
app/code/local/Astralweb/Test/Model/Page.php

<?php
class Astralweb_Test_Model_Page extends Mage_Core_Model_Abstract
{
    protected function _construct()
    {
        $this->_init('astralweb_test/page','entity_id');
    }
}

指定你的Model與資列表的名稱，新增預設的欄位
app/code/local/Astralweb/Test/Model/Resource/Setup.php

<?php
class Astralweb_Test_Model_Resource_Setup extends Mage_Eav_Model_Entity_Setup
{
    public function getDefaultEntities()
    {
        $entities = array(
            Astralweb_Test_Model_Resource_Page::ENTITY => array(
                'entity_model' => 'astralweb_test/page',
                'attribute_model' => '',
                'table' => 'astralweb_test/page',
                'attributes' => array(
                    'name' => array(
                        'type' => 'varchar',
                        'backend' => '',
                        'frontend' => '',
                        'label' => 'Name',
                        'input' => 'text',
                        'class' => '',
                        'source' => '',
                        'global' => 0,
                        'visible' => true,
                        'required' => true,
                        'user_defined' => true,
                        'default' => '',
                        'searchable' => false,
                        'filterable' => false,
                        'comparable' => false,
                        'visible_on_front' => true,
                        'unique' => false,
                    )
                ),
            )
        );
        return $entities;
    }
}

指定你的eav_entity_code的名稱，細節可以查看eav_entity_type這張表
app/code/local/Astralweb/Test/Model/Resource/Page.php

<?php
class Astralweb_Test_Model_Resource_Page extends Mage_Eav_Model_Entity_Abstract
{
   const ENTITY = "astralweb_test_page";
    /**
     * Resource initialization
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        $resource = Mage::getSingleton('core/resource');
        $this->setType(self::ENTITY);
        $this->setConnection(
            $resource->getConnection('page_read'),
            $resource->getConnection('page_write')
        );
    }

    /*
     * Set default attributes
     */
    protected function _getDefaultAttributes()
    {
      return array(
          'entity_type_id',
          'attribute_set_id',
          'created_at',
          'increment_id',
          'updated_at',
          'store_id',
          'website_id'
      );
    }
}

完成上述步驟後，接下來讓我們新增一個Controller來試試看我們的EAV模組。

首先，新增Collection讓我們可以抓取全部的資料

新增 Collection

app/code/local/Astralweb/Test/Model/Resource/Page/Collection.php

<?php
class Astralweb_Test_Model_Resource_Page_Collection extends Mage_Eav_Model_Entity_Collection_Abstract
{
    /*
     * Set resource model
     */
    protected function _construct()
    {
        $this->_init('astralweb_test/page');
    }
}

接著加入 Controller config

<config>
  ……...(之前的config)
  <frontend>
    <routers>
      <astral_test>
        <use>standard</use>
        <args>
          <module>Astralweb_Test</module>
          <frontName>astral_test</frontName>
        </args>
      </astral_test>
    </routers>
  </frontend>
</config>

app/code/local/Astralweb/Test/controllers/IndexController.php

<?php
class Astralweb_Test_IndexController extends Mage_Core_Controller_Front_Action
{
    public function indexAction()
    {
        //加入測試資料
        $page = Mage::getModel('astralweb_test/page');
        $page->setName("astralweb");
        $page->save();
        echo "save<br />";
        //抓取資料
        $pages = $page->getCollection()->addAttributeToSelect('*')->load();
        foreach ($pages as $row){
          echo $row->getName()."<br />";
        }
    }
}

測試成功後，就大功告成啦!

EAV在擴充上非常容易，並且支援多商店架構，Magneto原生就有提供支援。你也可以產生自己得eav_attribute_group 與 eav_attribute_set，這樣在後台上配置會非常的方便也更輕鬆，比起一張上百欄位的表，EAV更容易維護。

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在Magento 1 新增Eav模組的資料欄位